The effects of vertical gradient of the hull on wave resistance are the phase shift in Froude number domain and the decreasing amplitudes of humps and hollows in comparison with Michell’s integral. Michell’s method is still competitive with modern CFD code.
Mchl controls the added depth gradient term to affect in low Froude number range by a condition which improves slightly in low Froude numbers but needs more computing time than Michell’s integral so as to solve a boundary integral equation.